Cerebellar Degeneration (2024)

What is cerebellar degeneration?

Cerebellar degeneration is a process in which neurons (nerve cells) in the cerebellum—the area of the brain that controls coordination and balance—deteriorate and die. Diseases that cause cerebellar degeneration also can involve the spinal cord and other areas of the brain, including the medulla oblongata (which is involved in cardiac and respiratory systems), cerebral cortex (involved with thought consciousness, language, emotion, and other processes), and the brain stem.

Cerebellar degeneration may be the result of inherited genetic mutations that alter the normal production of specific proteins that are necessary for the survival of neurons.The disease also can be acquired (non-genetic). Symptoms may include:

  • A wide-based, unsteady, lurching walk, often accompanied by a tremor in the trunk of the body
  • Slow, unsteady and jerky movement of the arms or legs
  • Slowed and slurred speech
  • Rapid, small movements of the eyes (called nystagmus)

Diseases that are specific to the brain, as well as diseases that occur in other parts of the body, can cause neurons to die in the cerebellum. Neurological diseases that feature cerebellar degeneration include:

  • Stroke, caused by a blood vessel that is either blocked or bleeding
  • Cerebellar cortical atrophy, multisystem atrophy, and olivopontocerebellar degeneration – progressive disorders in which cerebellar degeneration is a key feature
  • Friedreichataxia and other spinocerebellar ataxias, which are caused by inherited genetic mutations that result in ongoing loss of neurons in the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord
  • Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease), in which abnormal proteins cause inflammation in the brain, including the cerebellum
  • Multiple sclerosis, in which damage to the insulating membrane (myelin) that wraps around and protects nerve cells can involve the cerebellum

Acquired diseases that can cause cerebellar degeneration include:

  • Chronic alcohol abuse that leads to temporary or permanent cerebellar damage
  • Paraneoplastic disorders, in which cancer in a part of the body produces substances that cause immune system cells to attack neurons in the cerebellum.

There is no cure for hereditary forms of cerebellar degeneration.Treatment is usually supportive and is based on the person's symptoms or on disorders that may contribute to the cerebellar degeneration.

Learn About Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are studies that allow us to learn more about disorders and improve care. They can help connect patients with new and upcoming treatment options.

How can I or my loved one help improve care for people with cerebellar degeneration?

Consider participating in a clinical trial so clinicians and scientists can learn more about cerebellar degeneration. Clinical research uses human volunteers to help researchers learn more about a disorder and perhaps find better ways to safely detect, treat, or prevent disease.

All types of volunteers are needed—those who are healthy or may have an illness or disease—of all different ages, sexes, races, and ethnicities to ensure that study results apply to as many people as possible, and that treatments will be safe and effective for everyone who will use them.

For information about participating in clinical research visit NIH Clinical Research Trials and You. Learn about clinical trials currently looking for people with cerebellar degeneration at Clinicaltrials.gov, a database of current and past clinical studies and research results.

Where can I find more information aboutcerebellar degeneration?

Informationmay be available from the following resources:

Genetics and Rare Diseases (GARD)Information Center

PubMed

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Order publications from the NINDS Catalog

The NINDS Publication Catalog offers printed materials on neurological disorders for patients, health professionals, and the general public. All materials are free of charge, and a downloadable PDF version is also available for most publications.

Cerebellar Degeneration (2024)

FAQs

Can you recover from cerebellar degeneration? ›

There is no cure for hereditary forms of cerebellar degeneration. Treatment is usually supportive and is based on the person's symptoms or on disorders that may contribute to the cerebellar degeneration. Clinical trials are studies that allow us to learn more about disorders and improve care.

What is the life expectancy of someone with cerebellar degeneration? ›

In general, life expectancy is shorter than normal for those with Cerebellar Degenerative Ataxia, although many patients live well into their 50s or even their 60s.

How rare is cerebellar degeneration? ›

How common is cerebellar degeneration? Less than 1% of people with cancer develop paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. However, alcohol-related cerebellar degeneration is more common. Studies suggest that between 12% and 27% of people with alcohol use disorder have some level of cerebellar degeneration.

What neurological symptoms are associated with degeneration of the cerebellum? ›

Cerebellar dysfunction causes balance problems and gait disorders along with difficulties in coordination resulting in ataxia, uncoordinated movements, imbalance, speech problems(dysarthria), visual problems (nystagmus) and vertigo as a part of the vestibulocerebellar system.

Can you live with a damaged cerebellum? ›

Unfortunately, damage to the cerebellum can cause lifelong physical and even cognitive disability. Not only that, but the medical and rehabilitation bills associated with any traumatic brain injury (TBI) can follow you to your grave.

Can cerebellum damage heal? ›

Fortunately, recovery is possible. The key to healing any brain injury, including cerebellar injuries, is to engage your brain's neuroplasticity. Completing therapy exercises daily can promote improvements in your balance, coordination, and cognitive skills.

Is cerebellum ataxia fatal? ›

Life expectancy is generally shorter than normal for people with hereditary ataxia, although some people can live well into their 50s, 60s or beyond. In more severe cases, the condition can be fatal in childhood or early adulthood. For acquired ataxia, the outlook depends on the underlying cause.

Can cerebellar ataxia go away? ›

Unfortunately, at this time only a few causes of cerebellar ataxia have treatments that can make the disease get better or stop it getting worse. Many researchers are working hard at finding effective and safe treatments.

Is cerebellar ataxia a disability? ›

If you've been diagnosed with some type of ataxia, you may qualify for SS disability benefits. Hiring an experienced SS attorney can help determine if you meet the Blue Book Listing for this condition or qualify for the Compassionate Allowance Program.

What is the age of onset for cerebellar degeneration? ›

In paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, the average age of onset is 50 years, with females affected more often than males. This form of cerebellar degeneration may precede cancer, however <1% of patients with cancer have paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

Can you drive with cerebellar atrophy? ›

Given the above findings, if functions represented in the left cerebellar hemisphere reflect the peculiarities of car driving, then our current results may imply that disorders accompanied by cerebellar atrophy carry a potential risk of impaired driving.

What conditions can you get from cerebellar damage? ›

Damage to the cerebellum can lead to: 1) loss of coordination of motor movement (asynergia), 2) the inability to judge distance and when to stop (dysmetria), 3) the inability to perform rapid alternating movements (adiadochokinesia), 4) movement tremors (intention tremor), 5) staggering, wide based walking (ataxic gait ...

What is the best treatment for cerebellar degeneration? ›

Some types of cerebellar ataxia can be treated, and any type of cerebellar degeneration requires medical care, physical therapy, and supportive devices to help improve motor control and to prevent injuries.

Is cerebellar degeneration progressive? ›

Few cases of isolated cerebellar ataxia or belonging to a multifocal disease were reported in the literature, most of them characterized by an acute or rapidly progressive onset.

What mental disorders are associated with the cerebellum? ›

The cerebellar dysfunction is regarded to lead to cognitive dysfunction in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders: autism spectrum disorders (ASD), developmental disorders (including ADHD), schizophrenia, and mood disorders. A learning disability may result from impairments of cerebellar function.

Can the cerebellum regenerate? ›

However, regeneration of the principal neuron of the evolutionary conserved cerebellum, the Purkinje cell (PC), is believed to be limited to developmental stages based on invasive lesions. In contrast, non-invasive cell type-specific ablation by induced apoptosis closely represents a process of neurodegeneration.

What is the life expectancy of someone with spinocerebellar degeneration? ›

Median age at death in SCA 1 was 63 years, significantly earlier than SCA 2, 3, 6 and 7, P < 0.0001. SCA, spinocerebellar ataxias. Survival was longer when the polyQ-SCA was transmitted by the mother (median 70 vs. 65 years, P = 0.0251).

How long does it take to recover from cerebellar ataxia? ›

Most children fully recover a few weeks after the symptoms appear. There is no specific treatment that cures acute cerebellar ataxia, but most children make a full recovery even without treatment.

Can cerebellar ataxia be reversed? ›

No cures are possible for most patients who suffer debilitating movement disorders called cerebellar ataxias. But in a few of these disorders, patients can be effectively treated with regimens such as prescription drugs, high doses of vitamin E and gluten-free diets.

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