The simple future is a verb tense that’s used to talk about things that haven’t happened yet.
This year, Jen will read War and Peace.
It will be hard, but she’s determined to do it.
Use the simple future to talk about an action or condition that will begin and end in the future.
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How to form the simple future
The formula for the simple future is will + [root form of verb].
I will learn a new language.
Jen will read that book.
My brothers will sleep till noon if no one wakes them up.
You will see what I mean.
It doesn’t matter if the subject is singular or plural; the formula for the simple future doesn’t change.
But . . .
There is another way to show that something will happen in the future. It follows the formula am/is/are + going to + [root form verb].
I am going to learn a new language.
Jen is going to read that book.
My brothers are going to sleep till noon if no one wakes them up.
You are going to see what I mean.
The going to construction is common in both speech and casual writing. Keep in mind, though, that it’s on the informal side, so it’s a good idea to stick to the will + [root form] construction in formal writing.
How to make the simple future negative
To make the simple future negative, the formula is will + not + [root form of verb].
Jen will not quit before she reaches her goal.
Make sure you arrive on time tomorrow, because the bus will not wait for you.
He will not say anything bad about his boss.
I will not finish my homework in time for class.
Using the going to construction, the formula is am/is/are + not + going to + [root form].
Jen is not going to quit before she reaches her goal.
Make sure you arrive on time tomorrow, because the bus is not going to wait for you.
He is not going to say anything bad about his boss.
I am not going to finish my homework in time for class.
How to ask a question in the simple future
To ask a question in the simple future, the formula is will + [subject] + [root form of verb].
Will Jen finish War and Peace over the summer?
Will I have the discipline to study Spanish every day?
What will you buy with the money you found?
The formula for the going to construction is am/is/are + [subject] + going to + [root form of verb].
Is Jen going to finish War and Peace over the summer?
Am I going to have the discipline to study Spanish every day?
What are you going to buy with the money you found?
Common verbs in the simple future
| Infinitive | Simple Future | Negative |
| to be | will be | will not be |
| to ask | will ask | will not ask |
| to work | will work | will not work |
| to call | will call | will not call |
| to use | will use | will not use |
| to have | will have | will not have |
The going to construction
| Infinitive | I | You, We, They | He, She, It |
| to be | am going to be/am not going to be | are going to be/are not going to be | is going to be/is not going to be |
| to ask | am going to ask/am not going to ask | are going to ask/are not going to ask | is going to ask/is not going to ask |
